abstract：Importance:Although implicit bias in medical training has long been suspected, it has been difficult to study using objective measures, and the influence of sex and gender in the evaluation of medical trainees is unknown. The emergency medicine (EM) milestones provide a standardized framework for longitudinal resident ...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Dayal A,O'Connor DM,Qadri U,Arora VM

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：Importance:Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in adults of working age in the United States. In the Los Angeles County safety net, a nonvertically integrated system serving underinsured and uninsured patients, the prevalence of DR is approximately 50%, and owing to limited specialty care resour...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Daskivich LP,Vasquez C,Martinez C Jr,Tseng CH,Mangione CM

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：Importance:Providing culturally competent care to the growing number of limited-English proficiency (LEP) Latinos with diabetes in the United States is challenging. Objective:To evaluate changes in risk factor control among LEP Latinos with diabetes who switched from language-discordant (English-only) primary care phy...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Parker MM,Fernández A,Moffet HH,Grant RW,Torreblanca A,Karter AJ

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：Importance:Every day in the United States, more than 200 people are murdered or assaulted with a firearm. Little research has considered the role of interpersonal ties in the pathways through which gun violence spreads. Objective:To evaluate the extent to which the people who will become subjects of gun violence can b...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Green B,Horel T,Papachristos AV

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：Importance:Postmarket evidence generation for medical devices is important yet limited for prosthetic aortic valve devices in the United Kingdom. Objective:To identify prosthetic aortic valve models that display unexpected patterns of mortality or reintervention using routinely collected national registry data and rec...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Hickey GL,Bridgewater B,Grant SW,Deanfield J,Parkinson J,Bryan AJ,Dalrymple-Hay M,Moat N,Buchan I,Dunning J

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：Objective:To assess whether receipt of antibiotics by prior hospital bed occupants is associated with increased risk for CDI in subsequent patients who occupy the same bed. Design, Setting, and Participants:This is a retrospective cohort study of adult patients hospitalized in any 1 of 4 facilities between 2010 and 20...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Freedberg DE,Salmasian H,Cohen B,Abrams JA,Larson EL

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：Importance:Food industry sponsorship of nutrition research may bias research reports, systematic reviews, and dietary guidelines. Objective:To determine whether food industry sponsorship is associated with effect sizes, statistical significance of results, and conclusions of nutrition studies with findings that are fa...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Chartres N,Fabbri A,Bero LA

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：Importance:The association between incretin-based drugs, such as dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists, and acute pancreatitis is controversial. Objective:To determine whether the use of incretin-based drugs, compared with the use of 2 or more other oral antidiabetic dr...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Azoulay L,Filion KB,Platt RW,Dahl M,Dormuth CR,Clemens KK,Durand M,Hu N,Juurlink DN,Paterson JM,Targownik LE,Turin TC,Ernst P,and the Canadian Network for Observational Drug Effect Studies (CNODES) Investigators.,Suissa S,D

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：Importance:Maximizing the value of critical care services requires understanding the relationship between intensive care unit (ICU) utilization, clinical outcomes, and costs. Objective:To examine whether hospitals had consistent patterns of ICU utilization across 4 common medical conditions and the association between...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Chang DW,Shapiro MF

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:The Institute of Medicine recently called for systematic improvements in clinician-led conversations about goals, values, and care preferences for patients with serious and life-threatening illnesses. Studies suggest that these conversations are associated with improved outcomes for patients and their famili...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Lakin JR,Block SD,Billings JA,Koritsanszky LA,Cunningham R,Wichmann L,Harvey D,Lamey J,Bernacki RE

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:The association between industry payments to physicians and prescribing rates of the brand-name medications that are being promoted is controversial. In the United States, industry payment data and Medicare prescribing records recently became publicly available. OBJECTIVE:To study the association between ph...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： DeJong C,Aguilar T,Tseng CW,Lin GA,Boscardin WJ,Dudley RA

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Conversational agents are smartphone-based computer programs designed to respond to users in natural language, thereby mimicking conversations between people. Many people use their smartphones to obtain health information. OBJECTIVE:To describe the responses of 4 widely used conversational agents (Siri [App...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Miner AS,Milstein A,Schueller S,Hegde R,Mangurian C,Linos E

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Feasibility, effectiveness, and sustainability of large-scale readmission reduction efforts are uncertain. The Greater New Haven Coalition for Safe Transitions and Readmission Reductions was funded by the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) to reduce readmissions among all discharged Medicare fee-f...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Jenq GY,Doyle MM,Belton BM,Herrin J,Horwitz LI

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Adherence to long-term therapies in chronic disease is poor. Traditional interventions to improve adherence are complex and not widely effective. Mobile telephone text messaging may be a scalable means to support medication adherence. OBJECTIVES:To conduct a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials to as...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Thakkar J,Kurup R,Laba TL,Santo K,Thiagalingam A,Rodgers A,Woodward M,Redfern J,Chow CK

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Healthcare overuse, the delivery of low-value services, is increasingly recognized as a critical problem. However, little is known about the comparative effectiveness of alternate formats for presenting benefits and harms information to patients as a strategy to reduce overuse. OBJECTIVE:To examine the effe...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Sheridan SL,Sutkowi-Hemstreet A,Barclay C,Brewer NT,Dolor RJ,Gizlice Z,Lewis CL,Reuland DS,Golin CE,Kistler CE,Vu M,Harris R

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Older patients with diabetes mellitus receiving medical treatment whose blood pressure (BP) or blood glucose level are potentially dangerously low are rarely deintensified. Given the established risks of low blood pressure and blood glucose, this is a major opportunity to decrease medication harm. OBJECTIVE...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Sussman JB,Kerr EA,Saini SD,Holleman RG,Klamerus ML,Min LC,Vijan S,Hofer TP

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:For antidepressants, the translation of evidence of comparative effectiveness into practice is suboptimal. This deficit directly affects outcomes and quality of care for patients with depression. To overcome this problem, we developed the Depression Medication Choice (DMC) encounter decision aid, designed to...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： LeBlanc A,Herrin J,Williams MD,Inselman JW,Branda ME,Shah ND,Heim EM,Dick SR,Linzer M,Boehm DH,Dall-Winther KM,Matthews MR,Yost KJ,Shepel KK,Montori VM

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Experts debate optimal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels for musculoskeletal health. OBJECTIVE:To compare the effects of placebo, low-dose cholecalciferol, and high-dose cholecalciferol on 1-year changes in total fractional calcium absorption, bone mineral density, Timed Up and Go and five sit-to-stand t...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Hansen KE,Johnson RE,Chambers KR,Johnson MG,Lemon CC,Vo TN,Marvdashti S

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Among women and men with severe obesity, evidence for improvement in urinary incontinence beyond the first year after bariatric surgery-induced weight loss is lacking. OBJECTIVES:To examine change in urinary incontinence before and after bariatric surgery and to identify factors associated with improvement ...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Subak LL,King WC,Belle SH,Chen JY,Courcoulas AP,Ebel FE,Flum DR,Khandelwal S,Pender JR,Pierson SK,Pories WJ,Steffen KJ,Strain GW,Wolfe BM,Huang AJ

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Patients with potentially ischemic chest pain are commonly admitted to the hospital or observed after a negative evaluation in the emergency department (ED) owing to concern about adverse events. Previous studies have looked at 30-day mortality, but no current large studies have examined the most important i...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Weinstock MB,Weingart S,Orth F,VanFossen D,Kaide C,Anderson J,Newman DH

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Primary care provider (PCP) turnover is common and can disrupt patient continuity of care. Little is known about the effect of PCP turnover on patient care experience and quality of care. OBJECTIVE:To measure the effect of PCP turnover on patient experiences of care and ambulatory care quality. DESIGN, SET...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Reddy A,Pollack CE,Asch DA,Canamucio A,Werner RM

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Percutaneous ventricular assist devices (PVADs) provide robust hemodynamic support compared with intra-aortic balloon pumps (IABPs), but clinical use patterns are unknown. OBJECTIVE:To examine contemporary patterns in PVAD use in the United States and compare them with use of IABPs. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PA...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Khera R,Cram P,Lu X,Vyas A,Gerke A,Rosenthal GE,Horwitz PA,Girotra S

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:The 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans recommended a minimum of 75 vigorous-intensity or 150 moderate-intensity minutes per week (7.5 metabolic-equivalent hours per week) of aerobic activity for substantial health benefit and suggested additional benefits by doing more than double this amount. H...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Arem H,Moore SC,Patel A,Hartge P,Berrington de Gonzalez A,Visvanathan K,Campbell PT,Freedman M,Weiderpass E,Adami HO,Linet MS,Lee IM,Matthews CE

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Controversy exists regarding whether the decision to pursue a do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order should be grounded in an ethic of patient autonomy or in the obligation to act in the patient's best interest (beneficence). OBJECTIVE:To explore how physicians' approaches to DNR decision making at the end of life ...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Dzeng E,Colaianni A,Roland M,Chander G,Smith TJ,Kelly MP,Barclay S,Levine D

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:The expected duration of menopausal vasomotor symptoms (VMS) is important to women making decisions about possible treatments. OBJECTIVES:To determine total duration of frequent VMS (≥ 6 days in the previous 2 weeks) (hereafter total VMS duration) during the menopausal transition, to quantify how long frequ...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Avis NE,Crawford SL,Greendale G,Bromberger JT,Everson-Rose SA,Gold EB,Hess R,Joffe H,Kravitz HM,Tepper PG,Thurston RC,Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Additional information is needed about the role of dietary sodium on health outcomes in older adults. OBJECTIVE:To examine the association between dietary sodium intake and mortality, incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), and incident heart failure (HF) in older adults. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:W...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Kalogeropoulos AP,Georgiopoulou VV,Murphy RA,Newman AB,Bauer DC,Harris TB,Yang Z,Applegate WB,Kritchevsky SB

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Increasing access to care may be insufficient to improve the health of patients with diabetes mellitus and unmet basic needs (hereinafter referred to as material need insecurities). How specific material need insecurities relate to clinical outcomes and the use of health care resources in a setting of near-u...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Berkowitz SA,Meigs JB,DeWalt D,Seligman HK,Barnard LS,Bright OJ,Schow M,Atlas SJ,Wexler DJ

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Self-monitoring of blood glucose is a costly component of care for diabetes mellitus, with unclear benefits for patients not taking insulin. Veterans with dual Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and Medicare benefits have access to test strips through both systems, raising the potential for overuse. OBJECT...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Gellad WF,Zhao X,Thorpe CT,Mor MK,Good CB,Fine MJ

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Cardiac biomarker testing is not routinely indicated in the emergency department (ED) because of low utility and potential downstream harms from false-positive results. However, current rates of testing are unknown. OBJECTIVE:To determine the use of cardiac biomarker testing overall, as well as stratified b...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Makam AN,Nguyen OK

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:In individuals with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection who are receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), factors that promote full immune recovery are not well characterized. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence of the timing of ART relative to HIV-1 infection on normalization of CD4+ T-cell c...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Okulicz JF,Le TD,Agan BK,Camargo JF,Landrum ML,Wright E,Dolan MJ,Ganesan A,Ferguson TM,Smith DM,Richman DD,Little SJ,Clark RA,He W,Ahuja SK

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Studies have shown that bisphosphonates may have antitumor and antimetastatic properties. Recently, observational studies have suggested a possible protective effect of bisphosphonates on breast cancer, but the effect of bisphosphonate use on risk of breast cancer has not been tested in randomized trials. O...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Hue TF,Cummings SR,Cauley JA,Bauer DC,Ensrud KE,Barrett-Connor E,Black DM

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:The effect of strict blood pressure control on clinical outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is unclear. OBJECTIVE:To compare the outcomes associated with a treated systolic blood pressure (SBP) of less than 120 mm Hg vs those associated with the currently recommended SBP of less than 140 ...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Kovesdy CP,Lu JL,Molnar MZ,Ma JZ,Canada RB,Streja E,Kalantar-Zadeh K,Bleyer AJ

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Up-front treatment of older men with low-risk prostate cancer can cause morbidity without clear survival benefit; however, most such patients receive treatment instead of observation. The impact of physicians on the management approach is uncertain. OBJECTIVE:To determine the impact of physicians on the man...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Hoffman KE,Niu J,Shen Y,Jiang J,Davis JW,Kim J,Kuban DA,Perkins GH,Shah JB,Smith GL,Volk RJ,Buchholz TA,Giordano SH,Smith BD

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Policies and practices that promote advance care planning and advance directive completion implicitly assume that patients' choices for end-of-life (EOL) care are stable over time, even with changes in health status. OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate the evidence on the stability of EOL preferences over ...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Auriemma CL,Nguyen CA,Bronheim R,Kent S,Nadiger S,Pardo D,Halpern SD

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Pulmonary nodules are common, and more will be found with implementation of lung cancer screening. How potentially malignant pulmonary nodules are evaluated may affect patient outcomes, health care costs, and effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs. Guidelines for evaluating pulmonary nodules for can...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Wiener RS,Gould MK,Slatore CG,Fincke BG,Schwartz LM,Woloshin S

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:The RAS/RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase/ERK cascade plays a crucial role in melanoma cell proliferation and survival. Sildenafil citrate (Viagra) is a phosphodiesterase (PDE) 5A inhibitor commonly used for erectile dysfunction. Recent studies have s...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Li WQ,Qureshi AA,Robinson KC,Han J

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:False-positive mammograms, a common occurrence in breast cancer screening programs, represent a potential screening harm that is currently being evaluated by the US Preventive Services Task Force. OBJECTIVE:To measure the effect of false-positive mammograms on quality of life by measuring personal anxiety, ...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Tosteson AN,Fryback DG,Hammond CS,Hanna LG,Grove MR,Brown M,Wang Q,Lindfors K,Pisano ED

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Fostering accountability in the Medicare Accountable Care Organization (ACO) programs may be challenging because traditional Medicare beneficiaries have unrestricted choice of health care providers, are attributed to ACOs based on utilization, and often receive fragmented care. OBJECTIVE:To measure 3 relate...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： McWilliams JM,Chernew ME,Dalton JB,Landon BE

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), team management using protocols with regular feedback improves clinical outcomes, although suboptimal self-management and psychological distress remain significant challenges. OBJECTIVE:To investigate if frequent contacts through a telephone-based peer support program (Pe...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Chan JC,Sui Y,Oldenburg B,Zhang Y,Chung HH,Goggins W,Au S,Brown N,Ozaki R,Wong RY,Ko GT,Fisher E,JADE and PEARL Project Team.

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE:Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) may have different effects on cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). OBJECTIVE:To conduct a meta-analysis to separately evaluate the effects of ACEIs and ARBs on all-cause mortality, CV ...

journal_title：JAMA internal medicine

authors： Cheng J,Zhang W,Zhang X,Han F,Li X,He X,Li Q,Chen J

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00